Health, Safety & Aviation Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Health, Safety & Aviation Law - Essay Example l consignment placed on airplane is not practicable, quite a few routine and technology initiatives have been planned to improve air cargo safety and prevent terrorist and illegal threats. These initiatives comprise: develop the ‘identified shipper’ agenda; enhance cargo inspections; raise the physical safety of air cargo services; increase oversight of air cargo operations; give safety training for cargo employees; and strict controls over access to aircraft throughout cargo operations. Other tools being well thought-out to improve air cargo safety includes tamper-resistant and tamper-evident packaging and containers; explosive detection methods and other cargo screening equipment; blast-resistant cargo containers; and biometric methods for employee identification and right of entry control. The Aviation and Transportation Security Act includes broad measures for cargo screening and safety procedures. The freights carried in passenger airplanes ought to be monitored and its safety ensured. Actually, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) has faith in ‘known shipper’ programs to avoid consignments from unidentified sources on a passenger airplane. Various safety procedures have been put in practice to alleviate the risks linked with placing freight on passenger airplane and all-cargo aircraft (Elias, 2003). Various threats linked to air cargo safety comprise: carrying of explosive and incendiary devices; consignments of unrevealed or undetected dangerous materials aboard aircraft; cargo offense including theft and smuggling; and aircraft hijackings and disruption by persons with access to aircraft. Authorities have cautioned that air cargo possibly a potential target for terrorists for the reason that screening and scrutiny of air cargo are at present not as extensive as a mandatory screening of passengers and inspected luggage.  

London millennium bridge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

London millennium bridge - Essay Example London Millennium Bridge London Millennium Bridge links the city of London with the Bankside. It’s 330m steel bridge over the river Thames and is 330m long. It’s the first bridge that was built across the Thames River in London since the opening of the Tower Bridge (1894). Another special feature about the bridge is that is the first pedestrian only bridge. The city is linked near the St Paul's Cathedral with the Tate Modern art gallery on the Bankside. The bridge officially opened on 10th June 2000 and was immediately closed after being open for 2 days as it swayed alarmingly. The movement was not expected to be so great and this led to a lot of criticism of the project. The extensive research took place on the design and the bridge was reopened again after modifications to the original design on 22 February 2002. Since, then it has not had any troubles and today is one of the major attractions of London attracting thousands of pedestrians and tourists every day. The M illennium Bridge is a simple concept which has been given shape via an extensive and complex design. Findings of the Review The review views the Bridge in 2 phases. First phase is before the reopening of the bridge in 2002 (after numerous modifications were made) and the second is after the reopening immediately after the opening and the 2 years that it was closed. The review terms the first phase as a complete failure due to the following reasons: It did not meet the criteria of a successful project It was not completed on time It overshot the initial budget The final product was not of the best quality and had to be redesigned Extra funds had to be raised in order to do the modifications The review terms the second phase as a success due to the following reasons: There is no wobbling and meets all the technical requirements It leaved up to the expectations It has contributed and generated revenue through tourism It has created jobs as it has opened up new business opportunities in the surrounding area Response to the Review Even though the findings of the review are accurate and based on quality research, it does not take into consideration all the factors into consideration before terming it as an initial failure. Yes the fact that the engineers failed to come up with a design that could have predicted the wobbling and make necessary modification cannot be ignored. But this kind pedestrian effect on the bridge was unpredictable. As there hadn’t been any previous recordings that had caused such major effects (Zasky, 2011). Also there are numerous other factors that need to be considered. Prior to this, there hadn’t been much literature on the lateral vibration of a bridge. Even though there were numerous instances where lateral vibration was observed, it was not given much attention and hence was not incorporated into bridge building codes (Newland, n.d.). Examples of other bridges that have registered lateral vibration are Auckland Harbour Roa d Bridge, Groves Suspension Bridge and Birmingham NEC Link Bridge. The research that has gone into finding a solution for the problem has lead to new literature on the topic and this will be used as benchmark for all the future projects. As mentioned above numerous other bridges, which are different in design and technology to that of London Millennium Bridge, that have vibrated due to the load of the crowd have come to light (Newland, 2003). Project manager of the Bridge said, â€Å"